Research Publications/Outputs

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Aquaculture and fisheries decision support tool
(2023-05) Smith, Marie E; Vhengani, Lufuno M
This presentation speaks to the challenges with environmental threats such as Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) and ocean heatwaves that have the potential to negatively affect natural and farmed marine resources. Also, monitoring these events across the large spatial scales of South African coastal waters is problematic.
Editorial: Antimicrobial resistance in the water environment
(2020-12) Toranzos, G; Steyn, Maronel; Santiago-Rodriguez, T; Sano, D
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has been raised as important for the international agenda. AMR is not only an immediate major threat to global health but also impacts global economies. More than 700,000 people worldwide die each year because of AMR resistance. While the relative role of the environment is unclear at this stage, an important first step is to identify hotspots of AMR spread and human exposure, and explore (via modeling) possible benefits of actions aimed to cut/reduce the load of AMR agents into various environments. The Journal of Water and Health will publish a Special Issue related to AMR in the water environment, in which seven papers feature a mixture of primary research, reviews and commentaries, including, but not limited to the detection, monitoring and surveillance of AMR genes in various water types, sewage, activated sludge and in wastewater reuse. The occurrence and distribution of antimicrobials, antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes was determined by a variety of techniques using the latest information available in both developing and developed countries.
Forthcoming Networks and Sustainability in the AIoT Era
(2024) Rasheed, J; Abu-Mahfouz, Adnan MI; Fahim, M
This book introduces a groundbreaking approach to enhancing IoT device security, providing a comprehensive overview of its applications and methodologies. Covering a wide array of topics, from crime prediction to cyberbullying detection, from facial recognition to analyzing email spam, it addresses diverse challenges in contemporary society. Aimed at researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, this book equips readers with practical tools to tackle real-world issues using advanced machine learning algorithms. Whether you're a data scientist, law enforcement officer, or urban planner, this book is a valuable resource for implementing predictive models and enhancing public safety measures. It is a comprehensive guide for implementing machine learning solutions across various domains, ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Whether you're delving into IoT security or exploring the potential of AI in urban landscapes, this book provides invaluable insights and tools to navigate the evolving landscape of technology and data science. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and solutions in contemporary cybersecurity. Through case studies and practical examples, readers gain a deeper understanding of the security concerns surrounding IoT devices and learn how to mitigate risks effectively. The book's interdisciplinary approach caters to a diverse audience, including academics, industry professionals, and government officials, who seek to address the growing cybersecurity threats in IoT environments. Key uses of this book include implementing robust security measures for IoT devices, conducting research on machine learning algorithms for attack detection, and developing policies to enhance cybersecurity in IoT ecosystems. By leveraging advanced machine learning techniques, readers can effectively detect and mitigate cyber threats, ensuring the integrity and reliability of IoT systems. Overall, this book is a valuable resource for anyone involved in designing, implementing, or regulating IoT devices and systems.
Guest editorial: Sustainable and intelligent precision agriculture
(2021-06) Abu-Mahfouz, Adnan MI
UMAN society has experienced three industrial revolutions from mechanization, and electricity to information automation. Every industrial revolution significantly alters the form of agricultural industry from labor-intensive farming, mechanized production, precision agriculture to large-scale finegrained industrial agriculture. However, the agricultural industry at current stage still faces many challenges, such as global food security, food safety, poverty reduction, and sustainable natural resource management. Now the fourth industrial revolution is ongoing, that is characterized by a fusion of emerging technologies such as Industry 4.0, Internet of Things, Cloud/Edge Computing, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain. Correspondingly, the blueprint of sustainable and intelligent precision agriculture is expected to realize through applying these emerging technologies into agriculture, so that the issues of hunger, poverty, food security/safety could be eliminated. It is vital to everyone, every country, and the whole world. This motivates the guest editors to provide this Special Section for researchers from diverse interdisciplinary areas to present their latest achievements for a sustainable and intelligent precision agriculture.
Journal of Information Warfare
(2022-03) Mtsweni, Jabu S
Cybersecurity has evolved over the years, and today cyberattacks instigated by cyber-criminals, nation states, or insider threat actors are part of regular headline news. In South Africa and around the world, the number of cyberattacks or incidents in the public and private sectors have been on an increase over the past few years, but are more prominent since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The ransomware attacks and data breaches are more common. Recent research studies indicate that in 2020 countries such as India reported over 50 000 cybercrimes (12% increase from previous year) and Australia reported a 13% increase in 2020 with one in four of the cyber incidents targeting critical information infrastructure. In August 2021, the Information Regulator indicated that close to 40 organisations reported suffering a security breach in South Africa. All these cyber incidents come at a cost estimated to be at $500 billion per annum, negatively impacting 20% of the businesses; whilst in South Africa, the South African Banking Risk Information Centre (SABRIC) predicts cybercrime losses to be over a billion every year and that the attacks will be increasing. The developed countries are not protected either, as a recent study from Checkpoint indicates that ransomware attacks have increased by 93% in 2021 with Europe, the Middle East, and Africa seeing the highest growth. In the United States, authorities have also observed over 500 attacks in 2021 that have been perpetrated by the Conti ransomware.
Municipal Solid Waste Energy Conversion in Developing Countries: Technologies, Best Practices, Challenges and Policy
(2020-01) Coelho, ST; Sanches Pereira, A; Bouill, DH; Mani, SK; Recalde, MY; Savino, AA; Stafford, William HL
Municipal Solid Waste Energy Conversion in Emerging Countries: Technologies, Best Practices, Challenges and Policy presents contributions from authors from India, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, South Africa and China who come together to present the most reliable technologies for the energy conversion of municipal solid waste. The book addresses existing economic and policy scenarios and possible pathways to increase energy access and reduce the negative impacts of inadequate disposal. The book's authors discuss anaerobic digestion and other MSW conversion technologies, such as incineration and gasification. The environmental and social impacts of their introduction in small villages in emerging countries is also explored. Due to its focus on local authors and its pragmatic approach, this book is indispensable for bioenergy researchers and practitioners in emerging economies, as well as researchers, graduate students and professionals interested in developing waste to energy technology that can be implemented in those regions. It is also particularly useful to professionals interested in energy policy and economics, due to its assessment of policy and recommendations.
Nanostructured Metal-Oxide Electrode Materials for Water Purification: Fabrication, Electrochemistry and Applications
(2020) Ama, OM; Ray, Suprakas S
Over the last two decades, “nanostructured materials” or “nanostructures” have become popular terms, not only among researchers, but also the general public. Owing to their extraordinary and unexpected behavior; nanostructures have gained tremendous attention in various fields such as water purification, sensors, electronics, health care, and biomedical applications. In this direction, there is a recent focus on the modification of nanostructured properties of some solvent electrolyte combinations that are commonly used in electrochemical characterization. However, the electrolyte provides the pathway for ions to flow between and among electrodes in the cell to maintain charge balance for the degradation of organic dyes with the use of metal oxide. Since water treatment is becoming more challenging owing to the complexity of the pollutants present within. This necessitates the need to seek alternative and complementary approaches to the removal of these organic dyes. This book will contribute to this need in our community, which cuts across electrochemistry, water science, materials science, and nanotechnology. It successfully highlights the applicability of the fabricated electrode and nanocomposites in electrochemical technology. This book is structured in ten chapters. Chapter 1 focuses on the dynamic degradation efficiency of major organic pollutants such as pharmaceutical wastes and synthetic dyes from wastewater. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis and fabrication of photoactive nanocomposite electrodes for the degradation of wastewater pollutants. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the essence of electrochemical measurements on corrosion characterization and electrochemistry applications. The particular focus is on photoelectrochemical technique. Different kinds of electrochemical cells and their definitions of specific physical quantities are presented in Chap. 4. The synthesis and properties of various metal oxide nanoparticles in electrochemical applications are summarized in Chap. 5. Chapter 6 focuses on the construction of different biosensors using metal oxide nanoparticles for the detection of various harmful biological molecules in water. In Chap. 7, the authors report multiple kinds of metal oxide nanomaterials for electrochemical detection of heavy metals in water. Chapter 8 provides various applications of metal oxide electrodes and Chap. 9 focuses applications of modified metal oxide electrodes in photoelectrochemical removal of organic pollutants from wastewater. The final section, Chap. 10, provides metal oxide nanocomposites for adsorption and photochemical degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants. In summary, this book addresses fundamental issues that persist concerning nanostructured metal oxide-based electrode design which cuts across electrochemistry, water science, materials science, and nanotechnology. This book is ideal for water scientists, material scientists, researchers, engineers (chemical and civil) including under- and post-graduate students who are interested in this exciting field of research. Moreover, this book will also help industrial researchers and R&D managers who want to bring advanced nanostructured metal oxide-based electrodes into the market. Finally, we express our sincerest appreciation to all authors for their valuable contribution, as well as reviewers for their critical evaluation of proposals and chapter manuscripts. Our special thanks go to Dr. Zachary Evenson, Associate Editor at Springer Nature for his suggestions, guidance, and advice during various stages of book preparation, organization, and production of this book. The financial support from the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, the Department of Science and Innovation, and the University of Johannesburg is highly appreciated.
Proceedings of PPS2019 Europe Africa Regional Conference of the Polymer Processing Society, Pretoria, South Africa, 18-22 November 2019
(2020) Ray, Suprakas S
The PPS Meeting is a leading conference on polymer processing and attracts internationally renowned scientists, engineers and designers in the field of polymer research and development. The goals of the International Polymer Processing Society, as embodied in its constitution, are to foster scientific understanding and technical innovation in polymer processing by providing a discussion forum for the worldwide community of engineers and scientists in the field. The thematic range of the polymer processing encompasses all formulation, conversion and shaping operations applied to polymeric systems in the transformation from their monomeric forms to commercial products. An important ingredient for the success of the PPS2019 has been the participation of all professionals in all aspects of Polymer Science and Technology from all around the world at this unique African city of Pretoria.
Statistics of utility-scale power generation in South Africa in 2021
(2022-04) Pierce, W; Ferreira, Bianca A
This presentation presents a summary of statistics of utility-scale power generation in South Africa in 2021.

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