dc.contributor.author | Kekana, Paul | |
dc.contributor.author | Sithole, Bishop B | |
dc.contributor.author | Ramjugernath, D | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-05-16T10:03:51Z | |
dc.date.available | 2017-05-16T10:03:51Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2016-12 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Kekana, P., Sithole, B.B. and Ramjugernath, D. 2016. Stirred cell ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor generated from South African kraft mills. South African Journal of Science, November/December 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2016/20150280 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 0038-2353 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.sajs.co.za/stirred-cell-ultrafiltration-lignin-black-liquor-generated-south-african-kraft-mills/paul-kekana-bruce-sithole-deresh-ramjugernath | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2016/20150280 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9039 | |
dc.description | © 2016. The Author(s). Published under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence. | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor was carried out in a stirred batch cell using polyethersulfone membranes. Parameters such as operating pressure, feed concentration, stirring rate and membrane cut-off size were varied and their effects on lignin retention and permeate flux were investigated. The operating pressure, feed concentration and stirring rate were varied in the ranges 150–350 kPa, 3–9% and 200–400 rpm, respectively. The membranes used had cut-off sizes of 5 kDa, 10 kDa and 20 kDa. A one-factor-at-a-time experimental design approach was applied in this study. Retention of lignin increased with increases in operating pressure, feed concentration and stirring rate, but decreased with an increase in molecular cut-off size of the membrane. Permeate flux on the other hand increased with increases in pressure, stirring rate and molecular cut-off size of the membrane but decreased with an increase in feed concentration. The extraction of lignin from black liquor was successfully carried out and extraction efficiencies as high as 86% could be achieved depending on the experimental conditions. The study was concluded with the recommendation of conducting additional experiments using a pilot plant in a continuous mode. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | Academy of Science of South Africa. | en_US |
dc.rights | CC0 1.0 Universal | * |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ | * |
dc.subject | South African kraft mills | en_US |
dc.subject | Lignin ultrafiltration | en_US |
dc.subject | Stirred cells | en_US |
dc.subject | Lignin retention | en_US |
dc.subject | Flux | en_US |
dc.subject | Membrane | en_US |
dc.subject | Retention | en_US |
dc.subject | Fouling | en_US |
dc.subject | Pressure | en_US |
dc.title | Stirred cell ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor generated from South African kraft mills | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.identifier.apacitation | Kekana, P., Sithole, B. B., & Ramjugernath, D. (2016). Stirred cell ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor generated from South African kraft mills. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9039 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Kekana, Paul, Bishop B Sithole, and D Ramjugernath "Stirred cell ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor generated from South African kraft mills." (2016) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9039 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Kekana P, Sithole BB, Ramjugernath D. Stirred cell ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor generated from South African kraft mills. 2016; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9039. | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.ris | TY - Article AU - Kekana, Paul AU - Sithole, Bishop B AU - Ramjugernath, D AB - Ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor was carried out in a stirred batch cell using polyethersulfone membranes. Parameters such as operating pressure, feed concentration, stirring rate and membrane cut-off size were varied and their effects on lignin retention and permeate flux were investigated. The operating pressure, feed concentration and stirring rate were varied in the ranges 150–350 kPa, 3–9% and 200–400 rpm, respectively. The membranes used had cut-off sizes of 5 kDa, 10 kDa and 20 kDa. A one-factor-at-a-time experimental design approach was applied in this study. Retention of lignin increased with increases in operating pressure, feed concentration and stirring rate, but decreased with an increase in molecular cut-off size of the membrane. Permeate flux on the other hand increased with increases in pressure, stirring rate and molecular cut-off size of the membrane but decreased with an increase in feed concentration. The extraction of lignin from black liquor was successfully carried out and extraction efficiencies as high as 86% could be achieved depending on the experimental conditions. The study was concluded with the recommendation of conducting additional experiments using a pilot plant in a continuous mode. DA - 2016-12 DB - ResearchSpace DO - 10.17159/sajs.2016/20150280 DP - CSIR KW - South African kraft mills KW - Lignin ultrafiltration KW - Stirred cells KW - Lignin retention KW - Flux KW - Membrane KW - Retention KW - Fouling KW - Pressure LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2016 SM - 0038-2353 T1 - Stirred cell ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor generated from South African kraft mills TI - Stirred cell ultrafiltration of lignin from black liquor generated from South African kraft mills UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9039 ER - | en_ZA |
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