Tactical datalink: Enabling effective coordination between forward air controllers and close air support

Abstract

Enabling Forward Air Control (FAC) through the Tactical Data Link (TDL) is an essential capability in modern military operations, providing effective Close Air Support (CAS). The modern TDL-based FAC system can enable faster, more reliable, and more secure communication between pilots and ground forces. Moreover, it can enhance decision-making, situational awareness, and tactical planning and reduce the risk of friendly fire. However, implementing a TDL-based FAC is challenging and includes digitising the conventional voice-based CAS-FAC communication systems. This paper shares insights on the ongoing development and experiments with digitising the conventional voice-based FAC process using the Link-ZA TDL specification. The results indicate that this indigenous TDL can enable an effective TDL-based FAC with superior accuracy and shortened latency compared to voice. The study recommends developing TDL-based FAC using protocol gateway systems and digitisation decision considerations.