One Health studies that adopt a formal modelling approach: A scoping review

Abstract

While the One Health perspective provides a useful approach by which to influence the complex interactions that pose a risk to the individual and collective health of humans, animals, and the environment, approaches to its operationalization can be enhanced. Aim This study examines models as contributors toward operationalization of One Health. It describes how modelling approaches have been applied to resolve the complexity of One Health problems. Methods A scoping literature review is based on the PRISMA-Scr approach. The literature is mapped from a One Health (area of application) as well as from a modelling (model type, modelling trends, unit of analysis, level of abstraction) perspective. Results 24 articles were identified that address a spectrum from strategic to tactical and operational considerations in One Health, with the bulk of the work slanted towards the former two aspects. Models focus on supporting high-level decision-makers on disease management strategies, investments, and resource allocation, and were developed with involvement of a broad set of stakeholders in One Health. Evidence could be found of the use of the major categories of simulation models, namely, systems dynamic models, agent-based models, and discrete-event models.