Du Preez, MConroy, RMLigondo, SHennessy, JElmore-Meegan, MSoita, AMcGuigan, KG2013-05-032013-05-032011-09Du Preez M, Conroy, R.M, Ligondo, S, Hennessy, J, Elmore-Meegan, M, Soita, A and McGuigan, K.G. 2011. Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years. Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 45(21), pp 9315-93230013-936Xhttp://pubs.acs.org/doi/ipdf/10.1021/es2018835http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6714Copyright: 2011 Environmental Science & Technology. This is an ABSTRACT ONLY. The definitive version is published in Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 45(21), pp 9315-9323The authors report the results of a randomized controlled intervention study (September 2007 to March 2009) investigating the effect of solar disinfection (SODIS) of drinking water on the incidence of dysentery, nondysentery diarrhea, and anthropometric measurements of height and weight among children of age 6 months to 5 years living in peri-urban and rural communities in Nakuru, Kenya. They compared 555 children in 404 households using SODIS with 534 children in 361 households with no intervention. Dysentery was recorded using a pictorial diary. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) for both number of days and episodes of dysentery and nondysentery diarrhea were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced by use of solar disinfection: dysentery days IRR = 0.56 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.79); dysentery episodes IRR = 0.55 (95% CI 0.42 to 0.73); nondysentery days IRR = 0.70 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.84); nondysentery episodes IRR = 0.73 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.84). Anthropometry measurements of weight and height showed median height-for-age was significantly increased in those on SODIS, corresponding to an average of 0.8 cm over a 1-year period over the group as a whole (95% CI 0.7 to 1.6 cm, P = 0.031). Median weight-for-age was higher in those on SODIS, corresponding to a 0.23 kg difference in weight over the same period; however, the confidence interval spanned zero and the effect fell short of statistical significance (95% CI -0.02 to 0.47 kg, P = 0.068). SODIS and control households did not differ in the microbial quality of their untreated household water over the follow-up period (P = 0.119), but E. coli concentrations in SODIS bottles were significantly lower than those in storage containers over all follow-up visits (P < 0.001). This is the first trial to show evidence of the effect of SODIS on childhood anthropometry, compared with children in the control group and should alleviate concerns expressed by some commentators that the lower rates of dysentery associated with SODIS are the product of biased reporting rather than reflective of genuinely decreased incidence.enKenyan rural areasDrinking water disinfectionDysenteryKenyan childrenSolar disinfection (SODIS)ArticleDu Preez, M., Conroy, R., Ligondo, S., Hennessy, J., Elmore-Meegan, M., Soita, A., & McGuigan, K. (2011). Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6714Du Preez, M, RM Conroy, S Ligondo, J Hennessy, M Elmore-Meegan, A Soita, and KG McGuigan "Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years." (2011) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6714Du Preez M, Conroy R, Ligondo S, Hennessy J, Elmore-Meegan M, Soita A, et al. Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years. 2011; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6714.TY - Article AU - Du Preez, M AU - Conroy, RM AU - Ligondo, S AU - Hennessy, J AU - Elmore-Meegan, M AU - Soita, A AU - McGuigan, KG AB - The authors report the results of a randomized controlled intervention study (September 2007 to March 2009) investigating the effect of solar disinfection (SODIS) of drinking water on the incidence of dysentery, nondysentery diarrhea, and anthropometric measurements of height and weight among children of age 6 months to 5 years living in peri-urban and rural communities in Nakuru, Kenya. They compared 555 children in 404 households using SODIS with 534 children in 361 households with no intervention. Dysentery was recorded using a pictorial diary. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) for both number of days and episodes of dysentery and nondysentery diarrhea were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced by use of solar disinfection: dysentery days IRR = 0.56 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.79); dysentery episodes IRR = 0.55 (95% CI 0.42 to 0.73); nondysentery days IRR = 0.70 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.84); nondysentery episodes IRR = 0.73 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.84). Anthropometry measurements of weight and height showed median height-for-age was significantly increased in those on SODIS, corresponding to an average of 0.8 cm over a 1-year period over the group as a whole (95% CI 0.7 to 1.6 cm, P = 0.031). Median weight-for-age was higher in those on SODIS, corresponding to a 0.23 kg difference in weight over the same period; however, the confidence interval spanned zero and the effect fell short of statistical significance (95% CI -0.02 to 0.47 kg, P = 0.068). SODIS and control households did not differ in the microbial quality of their untreated household water over the follow-up period (P = 0.119), but E. coli concentrations in SODIS bottles were significantly lower than those in storage containers over all follow-up visits (P < 0.001). This is the first trial to show evidence of the effect of SODIS on childhood anthropometry, compared with children in the control group and should alleviate concerns expressed by some commentators that the lower rates of dysentery associated with SODIS are the product of biased reporting rather than reflective of genuinely decreased incidence. DA - 2011-09 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Kenyan rural areas KW - Drinking water disinfection KW - Dysentery KW - Kenyan children KW - Solar disinfection (SODIS) LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2011 SM - 0013-936X T1 - Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years TI - Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6714 ER -