Grobler, InusBanderker, Muhammad HGovindsamy, ReesenVan der Kolf, Gideon2026-08-072026-08-072026-052673-4591https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026140021http://hdl.handle.net/10204/14884This paper presents a performance evaluation of next-generation sodium-ion cells employing Sodium Iron Pyrophosphate (NFPP) chemistry, which is now commercially available. Building on prior research into early-generation SiB technologies, the study investigates NFPP cells under varied operating conditions, including high and low temperatures, extreme C-rate discharge, and zero-volt storage. Results indicate that NFPP cells deliver exceptional high-power capability, sustaining continuous discharge rates up to 30C without degradation, and they exhibit strong thermal stability at elevated temperatures. While safety features such as zero-volt tolerance remain intact, low-temperature operation continues to pose challenges, particularly for charging, with irreversible capacity loss observed when exceeding manufacturer specifications. Despite a relatively low energy density (~79.75 Wh/kg), NFPP cells demonstrate significant potential for high-power applications requiring reliability and safety in harsh environments. These findings position NFPP chemistry as a critical step toward advancing sodium-ion technology for specialised energy storage solutions.FulltextenSodium-ion batterySodium Iron PyrophosphateNFPPBattery energy storageSustainable energyRenewable energyArticlen/a