Mahaye, NtombikayiseThwala, MelusiCowan, DAMusee, Eunice2017-08-222017-08-222017-07Mahaye, N., Thwala, M., Cowan, D.A. et al. 2017. Genotoxicity of metal based engineered nanoparticles in aquatic organisms: A review. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, vol. 773: 134-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2017.05.0041383-5742https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2017.05.004http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383574216301569https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317343668_Genotoxicity_of_metal_based_engineered_nanoparticles_in_aquatic_organisms_A_reviewhttp://hdl.handle.net/10204/9467Copyright: 2017 Elsevier. Due to copyright restrictions, the attached PDF file only contains the abstract of the full text item. For access to the full text item, kindly please consult thpublisher's website.Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are an emerging class of environmental contaminants, but are generally found in very low concentrations and are therefore likely to exert sub-lethal effects on aquatic organisms. In this review, we: (i) highlight key mechanisms of metal-based ENP-induced genotoxicity, (ii) identify key nanoparticle and environmental factors which influence the observed genotoxic effects, and (iii) highlight the challenges involved in interpreting reported data and provide recommendations on how these challenges might be addressed. We review the application of eight different genotoxicity assays, where the Comet Assay is generally preferred due to its capacity to detect low levels of DNA damage. Most ENPs have been shown to cause genotoxic responses; e.g., DNA or/and chromosomal fragmentation, or DNA strand breakage, but at unrealistic high concentrations. The genotoxicity of the ENPs was dependent on the inherent physico-chemical properties (e.g. size, coating, surface chemistry, e.tc.), and the presence of co-pollutants. To enhance the value of published genotoxicity data, the role of environmental processes; e.g., dissolution, aggregation and agglomeration, and adsorption of ENPs when released in aquatic systems, should be included, and assay protocols must be standardized. Such data could be used to model ENP genotoxicity processes in open environmental systems.enEngineered nanoparticlesGenotoxicityMutagenicityDNA damageChromosome damageGene expressionArticleMahaye, N., Thwala, M., Cowan, D., & Musee, E. (2017). Genotoxicity of metal based engineered nanoparticles in aquatic organisms: A review. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9467Mahaye, Ntombikayise, Melusi Thwala, DA Cowan, and Eunice Musee "Genotoxicity of metal based engineered nanoparticles in aquatic organisms: A review." (2017) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9467Mahaye N, Thwala M, Cowan D, Musee E. Genotoxicity of metal based engineered nanoparticles in aquatic organisms: A review. 2017; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9467.TY - Article AU - Mahaye, Ntombikayise AU - Thwala, Melusi AU - Cowan, DA AU - Musee, Eunice AB - Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are an emerging class of environmental contaminants, but are generally found in very low concentrations and are therefore likely to exert sub-lethal effects on aquatic organisms. In this review, we: (i) highlight key mechanisms of metal-based ENP-induced genotoxicity, (ii) identify key nanoparticle and environmental factors which influence the observed genotoxic effects, and (iii) highlight the challenges involved in interpreting reported data and provide recommendations on how these challenges might be addressed. We review the application of eight different genotoxicity assays, where the Comet Assay is generally preferred due to its capacity to detect low levels of DNA damage. Most ENPs have been shown to cause genotoxic responses; e.g., DNA or/and chromosomal fragmentation, or DNA strand breakage, but at unrealistic high concentrations. The genotoxicity of the ENPs was dependent on the inherent physico-chemical properties (e.g. size, coating, surface chemistry, e.tc.), and the presence of co-pollutants. To enhance the value of published genotoxicity data, the role of environmental processes; e.g., dissolution, aggregation and agglomeration, and adsorption of ENPs when released in aquatic systems, should be included, and assay protocols must be standardized. Such data could be used to model ENP genotoxicity processes in open environmental systems. DA - 2017-07 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Engineered nanoparticles KW - Genotoxicity KW - Mutagenicity KW - DNA damage KW - Chromosome damage KW - Gene expression LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2017 SM - 1383-5742 T1 - Genotoxicity of metal based engineered nanoparticles in aquatic organisms: A review TI - Genotoxicity of metal based engineered nanoparticles in aquatic organisms: A review UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/9467 ER -