Grzeskowiak, VHanuman, AAndrew, J2011-11-282011-11-282011Grzeskowiak, V, Hanuman, A and Andrew, J. 2011. Investigation of ESEM/EDX to measure liquor penetration and diffusion in Eucalyptus grandis wood chips during kraft pulping. TAPPSA, Vol 5(2011), pp 20-28http://www.tappsa.co.za/html_index_links/html_issue_5_2011/Peer%20Reviewed%20Paper.htmlhttp://hdl.handle.net/10204/5344Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry of South Africa (TAPPSA), Vol 5(2011), pp 20-28Environmental scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray (ESEM/EDX) was optimised to measure the penetration and diffusion of cooking liquor into Eucalyptus grandis wood chips during kraft pulping. The moisture content of the cooked wood chips influenced the ESEM/EDX measurement of sodium and sulphur, whilst the contribution of sodium and sulphur already present in the wood prior to pulping was negligible. Using the optimised ESEM/EDX method, investigations into the use of pulping aids during kraft pulping showed that the penetration and diffusion of sodium and sulphur was enhanced by the use of anthraquinone (AQ) and a combination of AQ and surfactant. As expected, chip thickness was found to influence the penetration and diffusion of cooking liquor into the wood structure during cooking.enEnergy dispersive x-rayESEM/EDXCooking liquorKraft pulpingEucalyptus grandisPulpingPaper industryPaperArticleGrzeskowiak, V., Hanuman, A., & Andrew, J. (2011). Investigation of ESEM/EDX to measure liquor penetration and diffusion in Eucalyptus grandis wood chips during kraft pulping. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/5344Grzeskowiak, V, A Hanuman, and J Andrew "Investigation of ESEM/EDX to measure liquor penetration and diffusion in Eucalyptus grandis wood chips during kraft pulping." (2011) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/5344Grzeskowiak V, Hanuman A, Andrew J. Investigation of ESEM/EDX to measure liquor penetration and diffusion in Eucalyptus grandis wood chips during kraft pulping. 2011; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/5344.TY - Article AU - Grzeskowiak, V AU - Hanuman, A AU - Andrew, J AB - Environmental scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray (ESEM/EDX) was optimised to measure the penetration and diffusion of cooking liquor into Eucalyptus grandis wood chips during kraft pulping. The moisture content of the cooked wood chips influenced the ESEM/EDX measurement of sodium and sulphur, whilst the contribution of sodium and sulphur already present in the wood prior to pulping was negligible. Using the optimised ESEM/EDX method, investigations into the use of pulping aids during kraft pulping showed that the penetration and diffusion of sodium and sulphur was enhanced by the use of anthraquinone (AQ) and a combination of AQ and surfactant. As expected, chip thickness was found to influence the penetration and diffusion of cooking liquor into the wood structure during cooking. DA - 2011 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Energy dispersive x-ray KW - ESEM/EDX KW - Cooking liquor KW - Kraft pulping KW - Eucalyptus grandis KW - Pulping KW - Paper industry KW - Paper LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2011 T1 - Investigation of ESEM/EDX to measure liquor penetration and diffusion in Eucalyptus grandis wood chips during kraft pulping TI - Investigation of ESEM/EDX to measure liquor penetration and diffusion in Eucalyptus grandis wood chips during kraft pulping UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/5344 ER -