Alexandre, Kabamba BMoore, PLNonyane, MGray, ESRanchobe, NChakauya, EMcMahon, JBO'Keefe, BRChikwamba, Rachel KMorris, L2013-10-232013-10-232013-11Alexandre, K.B, Moore, P.L, Nonyane, M, Gray, E.S, Ranchobe, N, Chakauya, E, McMahon, J.B, O’Keefe, BR and Chikwamba, R. 2013. Morris LMechanisms of HIV-1 subtype C resistance to GRFT, CV-N and SVN. Virology, vol. 446(1-2), pp 66-760042-6822http://ac.els-cdn.com/S004268221300439X/1-s2.0-S004268221300439X-main.pdf?_tid=52402ad8-34b5-11e3-9e8c-00000aacb35f&acdnat=1381744092_43d11c2ad966a475e41abad428080d4dhttp://hdl.handle.net/10204/6981Copyright: 2013 Elsevier. This is an ABSTRACT ONLY. The definitive version is published in Virology, vol. 446(1-2), pp 66-76We examined the ability of HIV-1 subtype C to develop resistance to the inhibitory lectins, griffithsin (GRFT), cyanovirin-N (CV-N) and scytovirin (SVN), which bind multiple mannose-rich glycans on gp120. Four primary HIV-1 strains cultured under escalating concentrations of these lectins became increasingly resistant tolerating 2 to 12 times their 50% inhibitory concentrations. Sequence analysis of gp120 showed that most had deletions of 1 to 5 mannose-rich glycans. Glycosylation sites at positions 230, 234, 241, 289 located in the C2 region and 339, 392 and 448 in the C3-C4 region were affected. Furthermore, deletions and insertions of up to 5 amino acids in the V4 region were observed in 3 of the 4 isolates. These data suggest that loss of glycosylation sites on gp120 as well as rearrangement of glycans in V4 are mechanisms involved in HIV-1 subtype C escape from GRFT, CV-N and SVN.enGriffithsinCyanovirin-NScytovirinHIV subtype CEntry inhibitorsGlycansSingle genome amplificationMicrobicideslectinsArticleAlexandre, K. B., Moore, P., Nonyane, M., Gray, E., Ranchobe, N., Chakauya, E., ... Morris, L. (2013). Mechanisms of HIV-1 subtype C resistance to GRFT, CV-N and SVN. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6981Alexandre, Kabamba B, PL Moore, M Nonyane, ES Gray, N Ranchobe, E Chakauya, JB McMahon, BR O'Keefe, Rachel K Chikwamba, and L Morris "Mechanisms of HIV-1 subtype C resistance to GRFT, CV-N and SVN." (2013) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6981Alexandre KB, Moore P, Nonyane M, Gray E, Ranchobe N, Chakauya E, et al. Mechanisms of HIV-1 subtype C resistance to GRFT, CV-N and SVN. 2013; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6981.TY - Article AU - Alexandre, Kabamba B AU - Moore, PL AU - Nonyane, M AU - Gray, ES AU - Ranchobe, N AU - Chakauya, E AU - McMahon, JB AU - O'Keefe, BR AU - Chikwamba, Rachel K AU - Morris, L AB - We examined the ability of HIV-1 subtype C to develop resistance to the inhibitory lectins, griffithsin (GRFT), cyanovirin-N (CV-N) and scytovirin (SVN), which bind multiple mannose-rich glycans on gp120. Four primary HIV-1 strains cultured under escalating concentrations of these lectins became increasingly resistant tolerating 2 to 12 times their 50% inhibitory concentrations. Sequence analysis of gp120 showed that most had deletions of 1 to 5 mannose-rich glycans. Glycosylation sites at positions 230, 234, 241, 289 located in the C2 region and 339, 392 and 448 in the C3-C4 region were affected. Furthermore, deletions and insertions of up to 5 amino acids in the V4 region were observed in 3 of the 4 isolates. These data suggest that loss of glycosylation sites on gp120 as well as rearrangement of glycans in V4 are mechanisms involved in HIV-1 subtype C escape from GRFT, CV-N and SVN. DA - 2013-11 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Griffithsin KW - Cyanovirin-N KW - Scytovirin KW - HIV subtype C KW - Entry inhibitors KW - Glycans KW - Single genome amplification KW - Microbicides KW - lectins LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2013 SM - 0042-6822 T1 - Mechanisms of HIV-1 subtype C resistance to GRFT, CV-N and SVN TI - Mechanisms of HIV-1 subtype C resistance to GRFT, CV-N and SVN UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/6981 ER -