Bremner, JStentiford, GSuleman, EssaWarham, E2025-10-032025-10-0320251759-0612http://hdl.handle.net/10204/14435A One Health approach will be essential to ensure future food systems can address the trade-offs between interventions needed to produce more food of higher nutritional value, with a smaller ecosystem footprint. This will involve consideration of hazards that link or spread between different supply chains, taking a whole-systems approach. Here, we consider how biodiversity maps to aquaculture across the One Health space. Aquaculture poses ecosystem health risks through the biodiversity impacts of disease spread, non-native introductions, farm-level pollution and habitat damage. Less well recognised, biodiversity also links strongly to animal/plant health, through increased risk of hazards (pathogen and pest diversity can create significant stock health challenges) but also by providing opportunities – genetic diversity underpins stock fitness and mixed-species farming improves resilience. Application of One Health principles will allow aquaculture to grow sustainably, but this needs the buy-in of policymakers, farmers and the scientific community.FulltextenOne HealthAquacultureFood systemsSustainabilityArticleN/A