Smith, SuzanneMadzivhandila, PhophiNtuli, LettaBezuidenhout, Petrone HZheng, HaitaoLand, Kevin J2019-03-082019-03-082019-02Smith, S. et al. 2019. Printed paper–based electrochemical sensors for low-cost point-of-need applications. Electrocatalysis (2019): https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-019-0512-81868-59941868-2529https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12678-019-0512-8DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-019-0512-8https://rdcu.be/bpUOkhttp://hdl.handle.net/10204/10764Copyright: 2019 Springer. Due to copyright restrictions, the attached PDF file only contains the abstract of the full text item. For access to the full text item, please consult the publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-019-0512-8 A free fulltext non-print version of the article can be viewed at https://rdcu.be/bpUOkPaper-based microfluidics is a rapidly developing field with applications for point-of-care disease and environmental diagnostics. In parallel, printed electronics has grown swiftly, particularly for wearable technologies. By combining these fields, fluidic sample processing and control, as well as automated sensing and readout can be integrated on a single device. Towards this goal, this work highlights the design, manufacture, and testing of paper-based electrochemical sensors, with focus on photo paper and chromatography paper substrates. These substrates are typically used for printed electronics and paper-based fluidics, respectively. The electrochemical sensors were screen printed using manual techniques. For chromatography paper sensors, wax-printed fluidic barriers were used to illustrate the potential integration of the sensors with typical paper-based microfluidic device formats. As an initial example, the detection of heavy metals (Cd(II) and Pb(II)) in buffer solution was demonstrated. Commercial DropSens sensors were used as reference with the limit of detection (LOD) of Cd(II) and Pb(II) on chromatography sensors showing comparable results to commercial DropSens sensors. It is worth noting that the chromatography paper sensors showed a higher repeatability than the commercial DropSens sensors. Tap water samples spiked with Cd(II) and Pb(II) were also tested and showed promising results. Future work will include sensor optimization and exploration of scale-up to provide low-cost solutions for effective point-of-need diagnostics—ranging from environmental monitoring to healthcare applications.enElectrochemistryLow-costPaper-based sensorsPoint-of-needPrinted sensorsScreen printingArticleSmith, S., Madzivhandila, P., Ntuli, L., Bezuidenhout, P. H., Zheng, H., & Land, K. J. (2019). Printed paper–based electrochemical sensors for low-cost point-of-need applications. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10764Smith, Suzanne, Phophi Madzivhandila, Letta Ntuli, Petrone H Bezuidenhout, Haitao Zheng, and Kevin J Land "Printed paper–based electrochemical sensors for low-cost point-of-need applications." (2019) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10764Smith S, Madzivhandila P, Ntuli L, Bezuidenhout PH, Zheng H, Land KJ. Printed paper–based electrochemical sensors for low-cost point-of-need applications. 2019; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10764.TY - Article AU - Smith, Suzanne AU - Madzivhandila, Phophi AU - Ntuli, Letta AU - Bezuidenhout, Petrone H AU - Zheng, Haitao AU - Land, Kevin J AB - Paper-based microfluidics is a rapidly developing field with applications for point-of-care disease and environmental diagnostics. In parallel, printed electronics has grown swiftly, particularly for wearable technologies. By combining these fields, fluidic sample processing and control, as well as automated sensing and readout can be integrated on a single device. Towards this goal, this work highlights the design, manufacture, and testing of paper-based electrochemical sensors, with focus on photo paper and chromatography paper substrates. These substrates are typically used for printed electronics and paper-based fluidics, respectively. The electrochemical sensors were screen printed using manual techniques. For chromatography paper sensors, wax-printed fluidic barriers were used to illustrate the potential integration of the sensors with typical paper-based microfluidic device formats. As an initial example, the detection of heavy metals (Cd(II) and Pb(II)) in buffer solution was demonstrated. Commercial DropSens sensors were used as reference with the limit of detection (LOD) of Cd(II) and Pb(II) on chromatography sensors showing comparable results to commercial DropSens sensors. It is worth noting that the chromatography paper sensors showed a higher repeatability than the commercial DropSens sensors. Tap water samples spiked with Cd(II) and Pb(II) were also tested and showed promising results. Future work will include sensor optimization and exploration of scale-up to provide low-cost solutions for effective point-of-need diagnostics—ranging from environmental monitoring to healthcare applications. DA - 2019-02 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Electrochemistry KW - Low-cost KW - Paper-based sensors KW - Point-of-need KW - Printed sensors KW - Screen printing LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2019 SM - 1868-5994 SM - 1868-2529 T1 - Printed paper–based electrochemical sensors for low-cost point-of-need applications TI - Printed paper–based electrochemical sensors for low-cost point-of-need applications UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10764 ER -