Malkappa, KurumaRay, Suprakas S2019-07-252019-07-252019-06Malkappa, K. and Ray, S.S. 2019. Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites. ACS Omega, v4, pp 9614-96282470-1343https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsomega.9b00346http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047Copyright: 2019 ACS. This is the full text version of the article. This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes.A novel halogen-free highly cross-linked supramolecular poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) (PZS)-functionalized melamine cyanurate (MCA) (MCA@PZS) hybrid nanosheet fire-retardant (FR) was synthesized and thoroughly characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The polyamide 6 (PA6) composites comprising MCA, PZS, and the MCA@PZS hybrids were prepared via the meltblending technique. The thermogravimetric analysis combined with FTIR and mass spectroscopy revealed that during thermal degradation, the PA6/MCA@PZS composites released less toxic gases and small organic volatile compounds than the neat PA6 and composites containing MCA or PZS solely. Moreover, compared to neat PA6, the PA6 composite with a 5 wt % MCA@PZS hybrid exhibited enhanced fire retardation properties, with a 29.4 and 32.1% decrease in the peak heat and total heat release rates, respectively. Besides, the PA6 composites with MCA@PZS-5% content achieved a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Finally, based on the obtained results from gaseous and condensed phases, the possible mechanism responsible for improved FR properties of the PA6/MCA@PZS composites was proposed.enHybrid nanosheet fire-retardantFourier-transform infraredX-ray diffractionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyThermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 CompositesArticleMalkappa, K., & Ray, S. S. (2019). Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047Malkappa, Kuruma, and Suprakas S Ray "Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites." (2019) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047Malkappa K, Ray SS. Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites. 2019; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047.TY - Article AU - Malkappa, Kuruma AU - Ray, Suprakas S AB - A novel halogen-free highly cross-linked supramolecular poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) (PZS)-functionalized melamine cyanurate (MCA) (MCA@PZS) hybrid nanosheet fire-retardant (FR) was synthesized and thoroughly characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The polyamide 6 (PA6) composites comprising MCA, PZS, and the MCA@PZS hybrids were prepared via the meltblending technique. The thermogravimetric analysis combined with FTIR and mass spectroscopy revealed that during thermal degradation, the PA6/MCA@PZS composites released less toxic gases and small organic volatile compounds than the neat PA6 and composites containing MCA or PZS solely. Moreover, compared to neat PA6, the PA6 composite with a 5 wt % MCA@PZS hybrid exhibited enhanced fire retardation properties, with a 29.4 and 32.1% decrease in the peak heat and total heat release rates, respectively. Besides, the PA6 composites with MCA@PZS-5% content achieved a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Finally, based on the obtained results from gaseous and condensed phases, the possible mechanism responsible for improved FR properties of the PA6/MCA@PZS composites was proposed. DA - 2019-06 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Hybrid nanosheet fire-retardant KW - Fourier-transform infrared KW - X-ray diffraction KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2019 SM - 2470-1343 T1 - Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites TI - Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047 ER -