Recovery of calcium carbonate from steelmaking slag and utilization for acid mine drainage pre-treatment

Abstract

The conversion of steelmaking slag (a waste product of the steelmaking process) to calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was tested using hydrochloric acid, ammonium hydroxide and carbon dioxide via a pH-swing process. Batch reactors were used to assess the technical feasibility of calcium carbonate recovery and its use for pre-treatment of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) from coal mines. The effect of key process parameters, such as the amount of acid (HCl/Calcium molar ratio), the pH and the CO2 flow rate were considered. It was observed that calcium extraction from steelmaking slag significantly increased with increase in the amount of hydrochloric acid. The CO2 flow rate also had a positive effect of the carbonation reaction rate but did not affect the morphology of the calcium carbonate produced for values less than 2 L/min. The CaCO3 recovered from the bench scale batch reactor demonstrated effective neutralization ability during AMD pre-treatment compared to the commercial laboratory grade CaCO3.