Risks posed by large seismic events in the gold mining districts of South Africa

Abstract

Examining the occurrence of seismic activity in South Africa, the authors point out that the seismic event on 9 March 2005 could be ascribed to past mining, and that seismic events will continue to occur in the gold mining districts as long as deep-level mining takes place and are likely to persist for some time even after mine closure. Seismic monitoring should continue after mine closure, and the seismic hazard should be taken into account when the future use of mining land is considered. The national and local monitoring networks, operated by the Council for Geoscience and mining companies, respectively, are on a par with those installed in seismically active mining districts elsewhere in the world. However, steps should be taken to improve the quality of seismic monitoring and to ensure continuity, especially as mines change hands. The Klerksdorp and Free State gold mining districts are incorporating the risks of seismicity in their disaster management plans, and Johannesburg is urged to do likewise. Some buildings are considered vulnerable to damage by large seismic events, posing safety and financial risks. It is recommended that an earthquake engineer inspect the building stock and review the content and enforcement of building codes. Appropriate training should be provided to all members of emergency services, and drills should be practiced regularly at public buildings to avoid panic should a large seismic event occur.