Potential risks of nanotechnology to humans and environment: implications and response mechanisms in Africa

Abstract

Historically, development of mankind has been closely intertwined with scientific and technological advancements. In the 21st century, nanotechnology has emerged as an enabling technology with enormous potential of revolutionizing social, economic and environmetal spheres of everyday life. It is beyond debate that nanotechnology stands to offer novel solutions in addressing social-related challenges, for intsance, in water, health, and energy sectors which are central tenets of the millenium development goals (MDGs). In this article, the authors highlight challenges that need to be taken on board within the context of the African development plan to ensure nanotechnology is exploited safely, responsibly and sustainably - to avoid unintended adverse effects to human and other biological life forms. Their thesis is hinged on the premise that nanotechnology offers Africa an opportunity to develop an understanding - through the development of targeted response mechanisms - on how risk assessment of rapidly emerging technologies should be managed - yet without adversely stifling their social and economic benefits.