An interest group at work: Environmental activism and the case of acid mine drainage on Johannesburg’s West Rand

Abstract

From an environmental perspective, South Africa faces many challenges that affect both its ecological biodiversity as well as its socio- economic and socio-political security . One of the most prominent challenges is acid mine drainage (AMD) – a by-product of mining. This chapter analyses environmental interest groups that campaign on the AMD issue on Johannesburg’s West Rand. To contextualise these advocacy efforts, the chapter scientifically outlines why AMD is a fundamental problem and what socio-ecological hazards it creates. Then it describes the legislative context that regulates mining in South African before illustrating why the country’s environmental advocacy movement is a potential driver for environmental, social, economic and political change. Finally, the chapter profiles the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Federation for a Sustainable Environment (FSE), Mariette Liefferink. A dedicated whistle-blower and AMD activist, Ms Liefferink strongly opposes malpractice by large mining corporations and the South African government. Her advocacy agenda and techniques as well as her strengths and weaknesses all describe the climate within which a South African environmental activist operates. To conclude, the chapter shows where interest groups and activists can improve their AMD advocacy efforts. For instance, environmental advocates might find it useful to network and build solid and mutually beneficial relationships; they might consider approaching a range of potential funders to increase their independence; and they might need to find financial support for further academic and scientific research that can inform the public about AMD and its effects.