Coastal dunes of South Africa

Abstract

A synthesis is presented on the ecology of South African coastal dune ecosystems, which comprise about 80% of South Africa's 3 000 km shoreline. A detailed description of the extent, structure and functioning of these ecosystems is given. The descriptive section is divided into geographic setting, physical features, ecological features and dune dynamics. Emphasis is placed on the factors affecting dune formation and erosion and the biogeography and dynamics of dune vegetation. Current use, management and degradation of the soft coastline is assessed, and guidelines for sustainable development are outlined. The conflict between the physical needs of urban development, and those of retaining the energy absorbing barrier function of the dune cordon, is analysed. Recommendations are made for the protection, conservation, management and reclamation of dune ecosystems. A comprehensive list of proposed conservation areas and an extensive bibliography are also provided.