Author:Osburn, LDate:Feb 2009Lighting consumes between about 29-35% of the energy used within commercial office space while lighting only consumes about 11% of the energy used in a residential environment. Through conscientious design of the lighting systems, the lighting ...Read more
Author:Osburn, LDate:Apr 2010Lighting consumes about 30% of the energy used within commercial office space and about 10% of the energy used in a residential environment. Through conscientious design of the lighting systems, the lighting load can be significantly reduced ...Read more
Author:John, Maya J; Anandjiwala, RD; Thomas, SDate:Apr 2009Natural Rubber (NR) is a naturally occurring elastomeric polymer of isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene). It can be extracted from latex of only one kind of tree, the Hevea braziliensis. Hevea rubber is produced in many tropical regions of ...Read more
Author:Anochie-Boateng, Joseph; Steyn, WJ vdM; Fisher, Colin; Truter, LDate:Sep 2016The development of a new mechanistic-empirical pavement design method by the South African National Roads Agency Ltd (SANRAL) is at its finalization stage. The new design method, referred to as the South African pavement design method (SAPDM) ...Read more
Author:Maree, GA; Roux, DJ; Nel, JDate:Mar 2006Results from the National Spatial Biodiversity Assessment (NSBA) have highlighted the poor condition of South Africa's main rivers for conservation of biodiversity and that conservation efforts in South Africa have centred primarily on ...Read more
Author:Dlungwana, Wilkin SDate:Jan 2018This chapter is an exploratory study based on literature review. The aim is to identify current skills development frameworks in the building sector and also presents an analysis of their characteristics. Thematic analysis was used to analyse ...Read more
Author:Gibberd, Jeremy TDate:Oct 2016Local content refers to materials and products made in a country as opposed those that are imported. There is an increasing interest in the concept of local content as a means of supporting local economies and providing jobs (Belderbos & ...Read more
Author:Komba, Julius J; Anochie-Boateng, Joseph; O'Connell, Johannes S; Verhaeghe, Benoit MJADate:Sep 2016Enrobé à Module Élevé (EME) technology, a High Modulus Asphalt (HiMA), was originally developed in France. The technology is primarily suitable for construction of heavily trafficked routes, airports and container terminals. The key performance ...Read more
Author:Shatalov, M; Marais, J; Fedotov, I; Tenkam, MJDate:Dec 2011Longitudinal waves are broadly used for the purposes of non-destructive evaluation of materials and for generation and sensing of acoustic vibration of surrounding medium by means of transducers. Many mathematical models describing longitudinal ...Read more
Author:Baichan, P; Naicker, Previn; Devar, J; Smith, M; Nweke, EEDate:Jan 2023Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most frequent biliary tract cancer (including cancers of the intra- and extrahepatic biliary tree). Like many biliary tract carcinomas, GBC is identified by late diagnosis, poor prognosis, and ineffective ...Read more
Author:Aucamp, I; Woodborne, S; Perold, J; Bron, A; Aucamp, S-MDate:Dec 2011At the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (or Earth Summit) in Rio de Janeiro, and a decade later at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (Earth Summit +10) in Johannesburg, the world embraced the concept ...Read more
Author:Monteiro, Pedro MS; Van der Plas, AKDate:Sep 2006LOW variability in the Benguela is governed by varying scales of remote and local forcing linked to both Equatorial and Cape Basin systems. The nature of these nonlinear interactions is not clearly understood because scales are large and their ...Read more
Author:Van Zyl, TDate:Feb 2014When trying to understand the difference between machine learning and statistics, it is important to note that it is not so much the set of techniques and theory that are used but more importantly the intended use of the results. In fact, ...Read more
Author:Adams, A; Abu-Mahfouz, Adnan MI; Hancke, GPDate:Nov 2023Transport systems are fundamental to supporting economic growth, and the need for smarter, safer, more efficient and climate neutral transport systems continues to grow. Maintenance and operation of transport infrastructure is expensive and ...Read more
Author:Latha, S; Selvamani, P; Palanisamy, SB; Thimiri Govindaraj, Deepak B; Thangavelu, PDate:Nov 2021The magnetic nanoparticles are said to be a class of nanoparticles or nanomaterials that can be manipulated by the help of externally applied magnetic field. These magnetic nanoparticles constitute materials such as nickel, cobalt, iron, and ...Read more
Author:Griffiths, M; Harrison, STL; Smit, Monique; Maharajh, Dheepak MDate:Mar 2016Macro- and microalgae are used in a variety of commercial products with many more in development. This chapter outlines the major products, species used, methods of production, extraction, and processing as well as market sizes and trends. ...Read more
Author:Tredoux, G; Steyn, Maronel; Germanis, JDate:2011The town of Atlantis with a population exceeding 60,000 is located 50 km north of the centre of the City of Cape Town and presently forms part of the metropolitan area. Previously, the area resorted under the authority of the Cape Divisional ...Read more
Author:Toerien, DF; Grobbelaar, JU; Walmsley, RDDate:1987Interest in the mass cultivation of micro-algae as feed and foodstuff has existed since the turn of the century (Robinson and Toerien, 1962). Experiments using algae in photosynthetic research (Warburg, 1919) also led to an appreciation of ...Read more