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Browsing by Subject "Geosciences"

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AfricaArray: aims, achievements and future activities

Author: Durrheim, RJ ; Dirks, PHGM ; Nyblade, AA ; Graham, G ; Webb, SJ ; Jones, MQW Date: Sep 2009 AfricaArray (www.africaarray.org) is a long-term programme to build geosciences capacity in Africa in support of the mineral, petroleum, groundwater and environmental sectors. It seeks to do this by establishing effective Africa-based education ... Read more
An autocorrelation analysis approach to detecting land cover change using hyper-temporal time-series data

Author: Kleynhans, W ; Salmon, BP ; Olivier, JC ; Wessels, Konrad J ; Van den Bergh, F Date: Jul 2011 Human settlement expansion is one of the most pervasive forms of land cover change in the Gauteng province of South Africa. A method for detecting new settlement developments in areas that are typically covered by natural vegetation using ... Read more
Coal and climate change: Potential for carbon capture and storage in South Africa

Author: Hietkamp, S Date: Jun 2006 The highly concentrated CO2 streams currently produced at Sasol are well suited for CO2 sequestration without further processing except for pressurising. The potential in South Africa for biological sequestration is limited compared with many ... Read more
Comparison of feature extraction methods within a spatio-temporal land cover change detection framework

Author: Kleynhans, W ; Salmon, BP ; Olivier, JC ; Wessels, Konrad J ; Van den Bergh, F Date: Jul 2011 In this paper, a change detection accuracy comparison is made between a recently proposed EKF method and a sliding window. Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) alternative within a spatio-temporal change detection framework. Both methods produce a ... Read more
Dating of dipterocarp tree rings: establishing a record of carbon cycling and climatic change in the tropics

Author: Robertson, I ; Froyd, CA ; Walsh, RPD ; Newbery, DM ; Woodborne, S ; Ong, RC Date: Oct 2004 In a first step to obtain a proxy record of past climatic events (including the El Ni (n) over tildeo-Southern Oscillation) in the normally a seasonal tropical environment of Sabah, a radial segment from a recently fallen dipterocarp (Shorea ... Read more
Detecting land cover change using an extended Kalman filter on MODIS NDVI time-series data

Author: Kleynhans, W ; Olivier, JC ; Wessels, Konrad J ; Salmon, BP ; Van den Bergh, F ; Steenkamp, Karen C Date: May 2011 A method for detecting land cover change using NDVI time-series data derived from 500-m MODIS satellite data is proposed. The algorithm acts as a per-pixel change alarm and takes the NDVI time series of a 3 × 3 grid of MODIS pixels as the ... Read more
The effects of shadow removal on across-date settlement type classification of quickbird images

Author: Luus, FPS ; Van den Bergh, F ; Maharaj, BTJ Date: Jul 2012 QuickBird imagery acquired on separate dates may have significant differences in viewing- and illumination geometries, which can negatively impact across-date settlement type classification accuracy. The effect of cast shadows on classification ... Read more
Euldep: A program for the Euler deconvolution of magnetic and gravity data

Author: Durrheim, RJ ; Cooper, GRJ Date: Jul 1998 Measurements of the geomagnetic field can be used to help determine the structure of the Earth, since rocks often contain magnetic minerals. Measurements of the strength of the Earth's gravitational field can also be used, since the more dense ... Read more
Evidence for environmental conditions during the last 20 000 years in Southern Africa from C-13 in fossil hyrax dung

Author: Scott, L ; Vogel, JC Date: Nov 2000 C-13/C-12 ratios in plants depend on factors like temperature, evaporation or seasonal moisture distribution. Fluctuations of C-13/C-12 in Procavia capensis (hyrax) dung samples from different vegetation zones and various ages over the last ... Read more
Hydrochemical characteristics of aquifers near Sutherland in the Western Karoo, South Africa

Author: Adams, S ; Titus, R ; Pietersen, K ; Tredoux, G ; Harris, C Date: 15 Jan 2001 The Western Karoo depends entirely on groundwater for domestic and agricultural use. An understanding of the chemical evolution of the groundwater provides insight into the interaction of water with the environment and contributes to better ... Read more
Improving NDVI time series class separation using an extended Kalman filter

Author: Kleynhans, W ; Olivier, JC ; Salmon, BP ; Wessels, Konrad J ; Van den Bergh, F Date: Jul 2009 It is proposed that the NDVI time series derived from MODIS multitemporal remote sensing data can be modelled as a triply (mean, phase and amplitude) modulated cosine function. A non-linear Extended Kalman Filter was developed to estimate the ... Read more
Laboratory panel and radiometer calibration

Author: Deadman, AJ ; Behnert, ID ; Fox, NP ; Griffith, D Date: Jul 2011 This paper presents the results of the laboratory and field based reflectance panel and radiometer comparisons that took place as part of the CEOS 2010 Key comparison of “techniques and instruments used for the vicarious calibration of Land ... Read more
Late quaternary hillslope evolution recorded in eastern South African colluvial badlands

Author: Clarke, ML ; Vogel, JC ; Botha, GA ; Wintle, AG Date: 01 Sep 2003 Infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) ages have been obtained from a sequence of sandy colluvial deposits in northern Kwazulu-Natal. Comparison of the IRSL ages on sand-sized, potassium-rich feldspars, with radiocarbon dates on A-horizon ... Read more
Late quaternary paleotemperatures derived from a speleothem from Cango caves, Cape Province, South-Africa

Author: Talma, AS ; Vogel, JC Date: Mar 1992 An oxygen isotope temperature record over a large part of the past 30,000 yr has been obtained for the southern Cape Province of South Africa by combining data on the isotopic composition of a stalagmite from a deep cave with that of a confined ... Read more
Manuel Rocha Medal recipient - A relative moment tensor inversion technique applied to seismicity induced by mining

Author: Linzer, LM Date: Apr 2005 The primary objective of this study was to develop a robust MTI method to estimate the moment tensors of clusters of seismic events recorded in the underground environment. To achieve this, three 'hybrid' MTI methods were developed by the ... Read more
Mean ozone and water vapour height profiles for Southern hemisphere region using radiosonde or ozonesonde and haloe satelite data

Author: Sivakumar, V ; Gizaw Mengistu, DT ; Botai, OJ Date: 2009 The aim of this work is to construct a model (mean) profile for ozone and water vapor in Southern hemisphere latitude using 14 years (1993-2006) of Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) satellite data and about 10 years (1998-2007) of the ... Read more
Monitoring of Savanna degradation in Namibia using landsat TM/ETM+ data

Author: Lück-Vogel, Melanie ; Strohbach, M Date: Jul 2009 Detection and quantification of degradation processes as a first step for understanding and development of prevention and mitigation actions is of international interest as the described processes are observed in semi-arid landscapes globally. ... Read more
A new GIS-based biozone map of the Beaufort Group (Karoo Supergroup), South Africa

Author: Van der Walt, M ; Day, M ; Rubidge, B ; Cooper, Antony K ; Netterberg, I Date: Dec 2010 The stratigraphic subdivision of the Karoo Supergroup of South Africa has been been addressed for more than a century by various geoscience studies. A lack of good lithostratigraphic markers in the Beaufort Group and the fact that the ... Read more
Northern European trees show a progressively diminishing response to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations

Author: Waterhouse, JS ; Switsur, VR ; Barker, AC ; Carter, AHC ; Hemming, DL ; Loader, NJ ; Robertson, I Date: Apr 2004 In order to predict accurately how elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations will affect the global carbon cycle, it is necessary to know how trees respond to increasing CO2 concentrations. In this paper, the response is examined over the period ... Read more
Okavango: a river supporting its people, environment and economic development

Author: Kgathi, DL ; Kniveton, D ; Ringrose, S ; Turton, AR ; Van der Post, CHM ; Lundqvist, J ; Seely, M Date: Apr 2006 The Okavango basin comprises the Cuito and Cubango active catchment areas in Angola, in addition to the Kavango-Okavango non-active catchment in northern Namibia and Botswana. The Okavango River water and its ecosystem resources are critically ... Read more

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