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Browsing by Author "Hietkamp, S"

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Characterisation and normalisation factors for life cycle impact assessment mined abiotic resources categories in South Africa - The manufacturing of catalytic converter exhaust systems as a case study

Author: Strauss, K ; Brent, AC ; Hietkamp, S Date: May 2006 Current Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) procedures have demonstrated certain limitations in the South African manufacturing industry. The aim of this paper is to propose new characterisation and normalisation factors for classified mined ... Read more
Chemical modification and characterization of quaternized polysulfones.

Author: Nonjola, Patrick NT ; Mathe, Mahlanyane K ; Hietkamp, S Date: Dec 2008 Synthesis and characterization of anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) using polysulfones is described. The modification process of polysulfones involves two steps: Firstly, by introducing chloromethyl groups followed by quaternization reaction ... Read more
Coal and climate change: Potential for carbon capture and storage in South Africa

Author: Hietkamp, S Date: Jun 2006 The highly concentrated CO2 streams currently produced at Sasol are well suited for CO2 sequestration without further processing except for pressurising. The potential in South Africa for biological sequestration is limited compared with many ... Read more
Direct reduction process using fines and with reduced CO2 emission

Author: Morrison, A ; Hietkamp, S ; Van Vuuren, DS Date: Aug 2004 A direct reduction process for refractory oxides and a life cycle analysis comparison with conventional pelletising and sintering process for chargechrome are presented. The new route has potential to reduce the environmental impact of the ... Read more
Dye solar cells: a different approach to solar energy

Author: Le Roux, Lukas J ; Hietkamp, S ; Cummings, F Date: Nov 2008 An attractive and cheaper alternative to siliconbased photovoltaic (PV) cells for the conversion of solar light into electrical energy is to utilise dyeadsorbed, large-band-gap metal oxide materials such as TiO2 to absorb the solar light. ... Read more
Dye-sensitised solar cell (artificial photosynthesis)

Author: Le Roux, Lukas J ; Arendse, C ; Hietkamp, S ; Knoesen, D Date: Jul 2005 A novel system that harnesses solar energy is the nano-crystalline TiO dye-sensitised solar cell (DSC), in conjunction with several new concepts, such as nanotechnology and molecular devices. An efficient and low-cost cell can be produced by ... Read more
Dye-sensitised solar cell (artificial photosynthesis)

Author: Le Roux, Lukas J ; Arendse, C ; Hietkamp, S Date: Feb 2006 As fuel sources become depleted, there is an increasing need to turn to alternative sources of energy. Of particular interest, especially in southern Africa, is solar energy, since it is clean and abundant. A novel system that harnesses solar ... Read more
Electron migration and stability of dye solar cells

Author: Le Roux, Lukas J ; Hietkamp, S Date: Jul 2008 Dye-sensitised photoelectrochemical solar cells with four different electrolyte combinations were assembled and characterised using current voltage measurements. The effects that the solvents (acetonitrile - ACN and propionitrile - PN) have ... Read more
Fabrication and characterisation of hydrogen fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies

Author: Mathe, Mahlanyane K ; Hietkamp, S ; Rohwer, Mark B ; Modibedi, Remegia M ; Masuku, C ; Masombuka, T ; Mohlala, M Date: Sep 2006 Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have been receiving attention owing to their highly attractive properties as a power source for both stationary and mobile applications. Fabrication of Membrane Electrode Assemblies (MEAs) is a key ... Read more
Fuel cell R&D at the CSIR

Author: Hietkamp, S ; Masuku, C ; Mathe, Mahlanyane K ; Rohwer, Mark B ; Masombuka, T ; Benson, J ; Bosscha, Peter A Date: Feb 2006 Increasing amount of funding is becoming available internationally to develop 'hydrogen economy'. The main drivers for countries to pursue this field are the need to create more energy independence and to address environmental issues. An ... Read more
Fuel cell research: Towards efficient energy

Author: Rohwer, Mark B ; Mathe, Mahlanyane K ; Hietkamp, S ; Madidedi, RM ; Nonjola, Patrick NT ; Masombuka, T Date: Nov 2008 Fuel cells can contribute to energy security, because they possess the potential to convert potentially renewable fuels such as hydrogen, methanol or ethanol cleanly and efficiently into electrical energy. They are of particular interest to ... Read more
Impact of mineral resource depletion

Author: Brent, AC ; Hietkamp, S Date: Sep 2006 In a letter to the editor, the authors comment on BA Steen's article on "Abiotic Resource Depletion: different perceptions of the problem with mineral deposits" published in the special issue of the International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, ... Read more
Mechanistic formation of TiO2 nanotubes via anodisation – effect of operating voltage and time

Author: Cummings, FR ; Le Roux, Lukas J ; Hietkamp, S Date: Jul 2008 Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanotubes hold great potential for application in dye-sensitised solar cells for they provide a one-dimensional transport route for generated charge carriers. An investigation is launched into the formation of these ... Read more
Methanol electro-oxidation on Pt-Ru-P/C and Pt-Ru-P/MWCNT in acidic medium

Author: Modibedi, Remegia M ; Masombuka, T ; Hietkamp, S ; Mathe, Mahlanyane K Date: Jun 2009 Pt-Ru-P was prepared by the chemical reduction method using sodium hypophoshite as a reducing agent on Vulcan XC 72 and multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWCNTs). Sodium citrate was added as the stabilizer during electro-catalyst preparation. ... Read more
National legislation, international conventions and exposure to harmful chemicals

Author: Hietkamp, S Date: Jun 2006 Without legislation pollution is regarded as an “externality” high levels of air and water pollution in Europe resulted increasing industrialisation. Disasters happened e.g. London smog in the 1950 and the first clean air legislation was ... Read more
Potential for sequestration of carbon dioxide in South Africa carbon capture and storage in South Africa

Author: Hietkamp, S ; Engelbrecht, A ; Scholes, B ; Golding, A Date: Nov 2008 CSIR was commissioned by DME to compile a report on the potential for sequestration of carbon dioxide in South Africa in 2004. This report was the first attempt to obtain a picture of this potential. In the paper the main findings of the 2004 ... Read more
Spectroscopic and impedance studies of reverse biased degraded dye solar cells

Author: Le Roux, Lukas J ; Knoesen, D ; Hietkamp, S Date: Mar 2011 The work that is presented here is focused on the results that were obtained during studies of the performance of Dye Solar Cells under certain reverse bias conditions. This reverse voltage could permanently modify or damage a cell if it is ... Read more
Synthesis and characterisation of alkaline anionic-exchange membranes for direct alcohol fuel cells

Author: Nonjola, Patrick NT ; Mathe, Mahlanyane K ; Hietkamp, S Date: Dec 2007 Great effort in research and development has been made over the years to improve and commercialize new electricity generating systems. To provide an alternative energy carrier, an appropriate conversion technology is needed to form high quality ... Read more

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